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SUMMARY:Ethics and Political Philosophy Group Talk (Nicholas Vrousalis\, Erasmus Rotterdam)
DESCRIPTION:The Ethics and Political Philosophy Research Group is pleased to welcome as guest speaker Nicholas Vrousalis\, an associate professor in Practical Philosophy at Erasmus University Rotterdam. Dr. Vrousalis’s work revolves around distributive ethics\, democratic theory\, and the history of political philosophy\, with an emphasis on Kant\, Hegel\, and Marx. \nTalk Title\nExploitation as Domination: An Overview \nTalk Abstract\nThe exploitation of human by human is a globally pervasive phenomenon. Slavery\, serfdom\, and the patriarchy are part of its lineage. Guest and sex workers\, commercial surrogacy\, precarious labour contracts\, sweatshops\, and markets in blood\, vaccines\, or human organs are contemporary manifestations of exploitation under capitalism.What makes these exploitative transactions unjust? And is capitalism inherently exploitative? This book offers answers to these two questions. In response to the first question\, it argues that exploitation is a form of domination\, self-enrichment through the domination of others. On the domination view\, exploitation complaints are not\, fundamentally\, about harm\, coercion\, or unfairness. Rather\, they are about who serves whom and why. Exploitation\, in a word\, is a dividend of servitude: the dividend the powerful extract from the servitude of the vulnerable. In response to the second question\, the book argues that this servitude is inherent to capitalist relations between consenting adults; capital just is monetary title to control over the labour capacity of others. It follows that capitalism\, the mode of production where capital predominates\, is an inherently unjust social structure. \nAbout the Ethics and Political Philosophy Group\nThe Ethics and Political Philosophy Group meets periodically throughout the year to discuss topics in value theory and related fields\, including meta-ethics\, normative ethics\, applied ethics\, social and political philosophy\, philosophy of law\, moral psychology\, practical reason\, agency\, and identity.
URL:https://philosophy.utoronto.ca/event/ethics-and-political-philosophy-group-talk-nicholas-vrousalis-erasmus-rotterdam/
LOCATION:Jackman Humanities Building\, Room 100 (Main Floor Lecture Hall)\, 170 St. George Street\, Toronto\, Ontario\, M5R 2M8\, Canada
CATEGORIES:Graduate,St. George
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CREATED:20220916T203630Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20230502T173642Z
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SUMMARY:Logic and Philosophy of Science Group Talk (Francesca Zaffora Blando\, Carnegie Mellon)
DESCRIPTION:The Logic and Philosophy of Science Group is pleased to welcome guest speaker Francesca Zaffora Blando\, an assistant professor in the Department of Philosophy at Carnegie Mellon University. Dr. Zaffora Blando specializes in logic\, formal epistemology\, and the philosophy of science—in particular\, the philosophy of probability and induction. Most of her work is devoted to showing that the theory of algorithmic randomness—a branch of  computability  theory—can be fruitfully applied to shed light on the foundations of inductive learning. \nThis is an in-person event\, but audience members can also join the livestream on Zoom: https://utoronto.zoom.us/j/8187874412 \nTalk Title\nPride and Probability \nTalk Abstract\nConvergence-to-the-truth theorems are a staple of Bayesian epistemology. Yet rather than seeing them as an asset of the Bayesian framework\, a number of authors take them to be the Achilles heel of Bayesianism. Most recently\, Gordon Belot argued that these results mandate a sweeping epistemic immodesty on the part of Bayesian agents\, since Bayesian agents are bound to believe they will be inductively successful even when they are guaranteed to fail on a topologically “large” collection of data streams. My aim in this talk is to shed new light on the question of when Bayesian convergence to the truth occurs not only on a set of probability one\, but also on a co-meagre set (a topologically typical set). I will show that\, by classifying the inductive problems faced by a Bayesian agent (the random variables a Bayesian agent has to successfully estimate) using the tools of descriptive set theory and computability theory\, one can identify natural classes of learning problems for which convergence to the truth indeed happens on a co-meagre set. Moreover\, appealing to computability theory allows to offer a much more fine-grained analysis of the phenomenon of Bayesian convergence to the truth. In particular\, I will show that the theories of algorithmic randomness and effective genericity can be used to single out specific co-meagre sets of data streams along which successful learning provably occurs\, no matter which inductive problem from a given class of effective inductive problems the agent is trying to solve.\nAbout the Logic and Philosophy of Science Group\nOne of six departmental Research Interest Groups\, the Logic and Philosophy of Science Group hosts talks on logic\, general philosophy of science\, and philosophy of the particular sciences\, as well as talks in allied areas such as formal epistemology\, decision theory\, and the metaphysics of science.
URL:https://philosophy.utoronto.ca/event/logic-science-francesca-zaffora-blando-carnegie-mellon/
LOCATION:Jackman Humanities Building\, Room 418\, 170 St. George Street\, Toronto\, Ontario\, M5R 2M8\, Canada
CATEGORIES:Graduate,St. George,UTM,UTSC
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